
It is a thing of joy that we are gradually coming
out from the cocoon caused by COVID-19
pandemic. However, the virus is still very
active though the world has been able to find
ways to subside its effect on humans. This
reinforces our hopes and wishes that day will
come when other threatening diseases like
Cancer, Diabetes, Ebola, Tuberculosis, etc.,
will be completely abated one after the other.
But while we wait for that day to come, we
ought to be watchful and mindful of our
health; and create awareness for healthy
lifestyle that can help mitigate these dangerous
diseases. Such is the motive for awareness
week reminding us of Hereditary Breast and
Ovarian Cancer (HBOCH).
It is month of October – the month of breast
cancer awareness. In FWHPWI, October 1-7
we celebrate HBOC week. Ovarian cancer is
the second most common gynaecological
cancer in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA).
1
The
disease is associated with late presentation as
there are no specific early symptoms to warn
the patients and caregivers, there are no
significant screening tests to predict patients
who might develop the cancer and no matter
how good the immediate outcomes following
the current standard modalities of treatment,
recurrence is the rule rather than the exception
in most cases.
It is the most common cause of
death due to a gynaecological malignancy with
a 5 year-survival rate of 45%.
2
It is predicted
that by the year 2040, ovarian cancer incidence
will rise by 47%, with an even larger increase
in the number of deaths each year (up nearly
59% mortality rate).
3
Likewise, by 2050, the
prevalence of breast cancer is projected to
double throughout Africa. Available data on
the disease in SSA is scant and, where
available, are mostly of epidemiological or
clinical nature. Its 5 year-survival rate is less
than 40% in SSA, compared to 86% in the
United States
5
, with
SSA reporting majority of
the global growth of breast cancer burden.
4
Seen the alarming result of research and
predictions about these diseases, FWHPWI
has observed a week of Hereditary Breast and
Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) awareness from 01 to
07 October.
Foundation for Women’s Health Promotion and Welfare Initiatives
Dr. F. N. Alaribe Nnadozie,
(MD, FWHPWI)
Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC)
Week at FWHPWI
observed a week of HBOC awareness this
month., from October 1 to 7.
HBOC is common in families who have had
multiple cases of breast cancer and/or
ovarian cancer on the same side of the
family. In families with 4 or more cases of
breast cancer diagnosed before age 60, the
chance of HBOC is about 80%.
6
2 primary genes linked with most families
who have HBOC are: BRCA1 and BRCA2.
BRCA stands for BReast CAncer.
A “mutation,” or harmful genetic change,
in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 gives a woman
an increased lifetime risk of developing
breast and ovarian cancers. Men with these
gene mutations also have an increased risk
of breast cancer and prostate cancer.
Mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes
can be identified through a blood or saliva
test. The usual method of testing, called
standard gene sequencing, can find most
BRCA mutations. There are other types of
mutations called rearrangements, which
include deletions or duplications in BRCA1
and BRCA2 that also may cause an
increased risk for these cancers. Testing is
also available for large rearrangements in
BRCA1 and BRCA2.
6
Although HBOC is rare, there’s value in
BRCA genetic testing if you are a healthy
person with a strong family history of
BRCA-related cancers, or if you have been
diagnosed with a cancer associated with
BRC; for the healthy patient with a positive
genetic result, there’s a lot that can be done
with screening and prevention, starting as
young as 25 years old.
7
1. Akinfolarin AC., Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020.
2. Ragupathy K., Lekoudis E., Emovon E., Springer, 2017.
3. WORLD OVARIAN CANCER COALITION ATLAS 2020.
4. Claudia A. Anyigba, et.al. Experimental Biology and Medicine 2021.
5. Abeer A. Bahnassy, et.al, Frontiers in Oncology, 2020.
6. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), cancer.net (Retrieved, 28-09-2021).
7. Yale Medicine, yalemedicine.org/ (Retrieved 28-09-21)
Hereditary breast and ovarian
cancer (HBOC) Week at
FWHPWI
July meeting/outreach
Women’s August month
showcasing FWHPWI
outdoor meeting and 2022
inspirational health quotes
Vegetarian diet has been linked
to higher risk of hip fracture
among women
A sectional survey showed 45%
prevalence of use of medicinal
plants by cancer patients.
Tissue surrounding breast
cancer tumours can prevent
immune cells from reaching and
destroying cancer cells.
World cancer research fund
international (WCRF) launches
global cancer update programe
After Colorectal cancer, being
slightly active may be beneficial.
Former smokers may be able to
reduce their risk of dying from
all causes by leading a healthy
lifestyle.
In the United States, black
people’s cancer death rates have
decreased through time, though
they are still higher than those
of other racial and ethnic group.
Scientists have found out that
Soft Sea Corals are sources of
sought– after “Anti-Cancer”
compound
A combination of three drugs
slows the progression of
advanced kidney cancer.
Uneven Cannabis therapy
training among Cannabis
dispensary staff, according to a
survey.
A new cancer treatment gives
patients who have run out of
choices hope.
A ground breaking human study
connects cookware’s “forever
chemicals” to liver cancer
A study reveals that advanced
cancer patients are more likely
to experience pain and
depression.
Treatment for cancer is an
expensive battle that many
female survivors in Zimbabwe
must contend with.
50 percent global cancer burden
in children will be in Africa by
2050.
A leading-edge radon research
in Cameroon lowers lung cancer
risks
Developing good habits as we
age will increase our longevity
Recipe for Watermelon salad
with Feta and Cucumber